M.2 is just a connector type. You can have an M.2 SATA SSD that gives no benefits over a 2.5" SSD aside from form factor. Instead, you'll want look at PCIe vs. SATA.
It's totally dependant on the drive you buy. The PCI-E interface is much faster, but if the drive's max speed is 200MB/s you're not going to see a difference. I recently went from a Samsung 840 PRO to a Samsung PM951 NVMe drive which is 4x as fast, the difference is noticeable, but the interface is not the single defining characteristic.