What you are describing, if that is truthfully the way it works at your company, is not patronage. And that is not the way it works at most modern companies. Furthermore, even your company is acting highly unethical by posting a job opening to the public, wasting a sizable chunk of time of hundreds (or thousands if a reputable company) of applicants, and then not even seriously considering them since you have already made the decision before posting the opening.
I think that maybe you haven't been on the hiring side that often.
Here's how hiring works:
50% of the time a job that gets posted is already filled, meaning that the hiring authority has someone in mind who will get the job, but has to open it to competitive hiring due to policies, rules, regulations, laws.
50% of the remaining time there is a qualified internal applicant who has not been selected prior to the job posting opening, but who's essentially guaranteed the job if s/he were to apply for it.
This leaves a statistical 25% for external applicants.
That is the way the world works, ask anyone who does hiring frequently and it's guaranteed that if you ask a sufficient amount of people you will end up with the 50/50/25 result.
When you have someone to fill the job in mind you do the bare minimum of interviewing required, which usually means to interview two other candidates once and that's that.
You are not treating your prospective employees (even if for another position in the future that you actually need someone for) with respect, so why should you expect them to treat your company with respect?
Is this a trick question?
If not, go ahead and pose it to people like Cyber Coders or Robert Half Technologies who post jobs that don't exist just to farm your resume and sell it to other recruiters.
I think what we have here is the difference between how some people think hiring should happen and how hiring actually happens in real life.
Instead of,
"Hire the person we already know to be a good fit (for our company mission/values) and a high performer,"
it is,
"Hire the person we already know to be a good fit (for our unethical/dishonest and/or prejudiced culture) and who one of our managers or top employees regularly goes out bar hopping and getting hammered with."
THAT is patronage, and that is the way it works at most modern companies.
Once again I think that the issue here is that some people assume that it works like described by you above (and seen in movies) but in reality that doesn't actually happen that way.
I am in middle management, I make a comfortable almost upper-middle class salary, why would I risk my own performance review, my compensation, the influence I have, and essentially my livelihood by hiring a buddy of mine when I know that he can't do the job? That makes no sense at all.
Yes, you absolutely hire people you know, but only if you also know that they can do the job because your own job depends on not hiring duds.
Maybe what you are talking about happens in small business or in family owned business a lot, but in businesses where performance actually matters you can't get away with hiring people who can't do the work.
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Related to the "you have to have experience to get a job but even entry level requires experience" issue. This is a matter of weeding those people out who aren't serious about working. If one comes out of college without experience then one didn't make good use of the college time and didn't have one's future in mind. Why would anyone want to hire a person like that?
There are shittons of opportunities to receive relevant work experience while being in college. Those people who are driven, inventive, creative, and personable will get that done (i.e. work study, internships, volunteering (yes, volunteering is HUGE to gain professional experience, doesn't matter whether it's IT or not). The rest is just inept chaff who doesn't give a shit about becoming useful. Welcome to real life!