Athlon 64 - memory controller vs. the core

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Weaksauce
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Mar 14, 2004
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Hi all :)

Now it occurred to me the possibility this post is a waste, but I can't ascertain this since I'm failing to think creatively in my search parameters. I have spent some time digging through overclocking articles that deal with the Athlon 64 without reading about what I've discovered.


As in my signature, I've got a 939 board + Opteron 170 + 4x sticks of ram. Now I couldn't overclock this chip or the 165 chip before it to any serious degree. Example - this 170 was failing Prime95 before it even touched 2.2GHz!!!!! A similar wall existed with the previous 165, but interestingly enough not the 4400+ I started with. Now I had added an extra pair of ram between the first and second cpu, so it was suggested to me that the Athlon 64 wouldn't overclock well with 4 sticks of ram even with 2T timing.

This fascinated me since I understand memory timings and the relationship with the memory MHz, I appreciated the fact that 1-1 ratio was going to limit my FSB to 250 as per the ram spec but failed to see the connection with the actual core clock (not the FSB driving it or the multiplier or anything else).

Finding myself staring at the possibility of a system that wouldn't overclock (after all the effort with this hardcore watercooling) I decided to get creative and entertain the loony idea that memory settings might somehow appease the core. To get those of you who lack patience to the endpoint fast - as a result of this I'm now sitting stable at 2.8 and still going up.


Like I said, I haven't read of this rather peculiar relationship in A64 guides so the only way I previously was aware of the memory holding back the core was a direct correlation by way of 1-1 ratio and FSB-driven overclocking where you max out your memory's clock as you increase the FSB to push the core higher. It's obvious what happens there, and using dividers in that scenario allows the FSB to climb further still. But here, we've got a situation where the memory clock is well within spec (ie running at less than rated speed), the fsb is low (or high if we drop a multiplier) yet there's this undefined burden being placed on the core by the memory controller's specific parameters. Adjusting those (max async latency, read premable, data and dram drive strengths etc etc etc), and suddenly the core can climb higher - not the ram but the core. I adjust memory settings and I see a result outside of the memory context with no obvious (other than the blaringly obvious fact the memory controller is sitting on-die) relationship.

I hope I've made sense since it's hard to define what's still a bit murky in specifics. If I've missed all the threads and articles that have already been here I apologise, but this has only just been made known to me by personal experimentation!
 
I still get confused by the memory... :(

I just got a Opty 185, and about to OC, just like you are....

Can you you show specific examples of what you did, to break through your FSB ceiling?

Ive going to guess, that you changed your memory divider? to instead of 1:1 (200/200) to say 166/200???

Any specific of your before/after, that would help me would be great.

Thanks
 
Your guess about the divider is what I would have guessed before hand, since as I've already written it makes sense because your FSB is being held back by the memory through that direct 1:1 relationship. However this is not the sort of relationship I'm describing - you can tune the divider so your memory runs dog slow but still be unable to overclock.

No, it's the latency controllers and other memory-specific parameters (max async latency, read premable, data and dram drive strengths etc etc etc) which I've modified. There's no direct relationship there - yet suddenly the core can be overclocked like a dream!

Do you have 2 or 4 sticks of memory? Reason I ask is because this problem is potentially specific to 4-sticks (and no I'm not taking a pair out and re-running WEEKS of testing, because it works now so I'm not motivated to!).

My RAM is OCZ Infineon-chipped ram, and according to those who know it's only TCCD that likes a weak drive strength - so I've cranked my DRAM Drive Strength up to what I understand is a strong level (Level 8 in the DFI BIOS, considered "Normal" with less powerful software tools like A64Info). I've adjusted the DRAM Data Drive Strength to Level 2 (Reduce 30%), for a reason no smarter than the simple fact that after looking at pages and pages of overclocking database entries on various sites, this is the most common setting for those who have similar setups

I set my Max Async. Latency to 10ns
And my Read Preamble to 9.0ns
Idle Cycle Limit 256
Dynamic Counter Enabled

Everything else in terms of latency at this point is cranked up ridiculously high (to the point where my memory runs soooo slow). After I've hit the new ceiling (hopefully 300FSBx10!!!!!), I will begin the painful task of adjusting them and re-testing.


Like I said, make no sense to me these settings can affect the core in any other way other than what you guessed which I've ruled out pretty early on. It seems that when Core and Controller share the same bed, there exists some interesting cross-currents of restraint.
 
nevermind I see you increased the drive strength.

Be aware the DFI has a huge amount of memory tweaking options not normally available on most motherboards. Very interesting nevertheless as I would have thought the settings that affected the communicaions between the controller and the memory, assuming a low memory clocking speed would not have mattered and any limit on core speed would depend on settings that affected the communicaions between the core and the on-die memory controller. Apparently that is not the case.
 
I can see where reducing these values would place less of a current load on the memory controller circuitry and thus allow more reliable operation at higher clock speeds.
Okay, but before with the low ceiling they were both weak/reduced/etc whereas now as I've written the "DRAM Drive Strength" is strong (Level 8 DFI Bios). It's only the Data Drive Strength which is still reduced (since no literature has informed me to the point where I feel confident in setting it according to my setup, I've taken the lead from those who have similar setups and successful overclocks).

nevermind I see you increased the drive strength.
Was a good theory though - the sort of thing one might get with the on-die setup.
 
Hey thanks for the info.. im not even sure i know where the settings your talking about are in the BIOS, or if i need some sort of software to change it :)

I do only have 2 sticks though...of this OCZ memory.

http://www.newegg.com/product/product.asp?item=N82E16820227210


which i beleive is is TCCD mem.....

the only way to verify the chips is to check, you could have TCC5 chips instead of TCCD, or even something else, availability of TCCD chips got slim a long time ago as most manufacturers went to the more readily available TCC5 chips, google TCCD and TCC5 and read up, you might find a way to easily identify your specific chips, but i believe the only sure way is to remove the heatspreaders and look up the codes on the chips themselves

the only BIOS that is going to have these settings in it are the DFI boards

you can access those extra settings using A64 Tweaker, a long time must have for A64 overclockers, you can find a ton of good info here including the link to the program
http://www.xtremesystems.org/forums/showthread.php?postid=505345#post505345

the limitations of the memory controller on the A64's has been long time knowledge for overclockers, as well as the specific 4 DIMM issue, which is why everyone suggests running 2 sticks in two DIMMS instead of occupying all four

and also check out those forums and the stickys in general for more general overclocking A64 info

http://www.xtremesystems.org/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=160
 
the limitations of the memory controller on the A64's has been long time knowledge for overclockers, as well as the specific 4 DIMM issue, which is why everyone suggests running 2 sticks in two DIMMS instead of occupying all four

Are you referring to the issue I've written about here, or just commenting on general difficulties imposed by 4 DIMMs? A lot of A64 guides spoke about the 2T timing, it's performance-penalty and also about the reduced ability to overclock the memory mhz but as I said nothing on the memory controller's ability to tax the core through this undefined relationship of latencies (it's undefined because there's no FSB:MEM clock correlation as proven with using multiple dividers).

I'm glad to have overcome the 4 DIMM issue, because as you say everyone suggests just only using 2 and avoiding whatever. I think that whilst that would essentially remain true, the fact that you can get around whatever this is by way of experimentation (and a LOT of patience) is good since whilst 4GB of RAM is on the higher side atm it's on a speedtrain to becoming just a normal amount of ram to have.
 
Are you referring to the issue I've written about here, or just commenting on general difficulties imposed by 4 DIMMs? A lot of A64 guides spoke about the 2T timing, it's performance-penalty and also about the reduced ability to overclock the memory mhz but as I said nothing on the memory controller's ability to tax the core through this undefined relationship of latencies (it's undefined because there's no FSB:MEM clock correlation as proven with using multiple dividers).

I'm glad to have overcome the 4 DIMM issue, because as you say everyone suggests just only using 2 and avoiding whatever. I think that whilst that would essentially remain true, the fact that you can get around whatever this is by way of experimentation (and a LOT of patience) is good since whilst 4GB of RAM is on the higher side atm it's on a speedtrain to becoming just a normal amount of ram to have.

both, this goes way beyond the 2T timings you mentioned, 4 DIMMS populated has always been problematic for A64's, but tweaking the memory controller values (those that like you said dont have anything to do with the FSB:DRAM relationship) has always provided better results, it's a limitation within the in die mem controller, you're correct

just look at all the info at the links i posted above, overclockers have been tweaking those settings you mentioned for a long time, it's just that you dont see it mentioned much because most people A. dont have the patience to figure out what works best, or B. are happy with their overclock the way it is without changing a bunch of settings they have no clue about

speaking of....i am sticking a second 1Gb stick of memory in my system when i get home tomorrow, so now running 2 sticks, but as of right now in my DFI Lanparty board i am running the memory on all AUTO settings, think it's time to delve back into the xtremesystems and dfistreet archives to try to figure out what to do to get my OC up

i can give you a specific example of what you are talking about though, before this DFI i had a EVGA NF41 board, the EVGA uses a different set of memory registers that cannot be changed via BIOS, and my CPU would run 3Ghz in it stable with barely over stock voltage (800Mhz overclock), but when i dropped it in this DFI i cant get past 2.5Ghz before i get errors on bootup that are basically memory errors

now, these errors i do not believe to be coming from the DIMMS themselves, but the tighter more aggressive memory controller internal registers that the DFI defaults to, matter of fact i know thats what it is because i went through this same exact thing a year or more ago with these same exact two motherboards and an Opteron 165 CPU, i had to tweak the memory controller settings in order to maximize the overclock desired

it is time consuming for sure, which is why i havent messed with it, right now i dont need a large overclock on my PC and i havent mounted my newly aquired Ninja Scythe HSF either, so in a week or two when i get a few days off, i will be mounting that and starting to tweak, i know this CPU is good for 3Ghz, i just have to find the correct memory timings and make them work for me

my plan is to get my friend who has the EVGA board now to run A64 Tweaker, write down the memory controller settings, and attempt to duplicate it on the DFI board's BIOS, that should get it or get damn close anyways....
 
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