I think this picture describes it best.
http://i.imgur.com/Er1AFjF.jpg
As you can see, some elements (like the taskbar, desktop icons, and CCC) are at normal 4k DPI while others (like the browser, Windows Explorer, and the mouse cursor) appear to be at 1440p upscaled. This happened after formatting and reinstalling windows, before everything looked fine at 4k 100% scaling.
http://i.imgur.com/Er1AFjF.jpg
As you can see, some elements (like the taskbar, desktop icons, and CCC) are at normal 4k DPI while others (like the browser, Windows Explorer, and the mouse cursor) appear to be at 1440p upscaled. This happened after formatting and reinstalling windows, before everything looked fine at 4k 100% scaling.