It's been mentioned for lga1151 it is possible up to 64gb but cant imagine the cost of 16gb single sticks. Whether or not 16gb x 4 is supported in the final z170 boards who knows.
Looking at what DDR4 memory you can actually buy right now, Newegg only has sets of eight 16GB sticks at $200 per stick (that's $1600 for the set); there are no single sticks or sets of 2 or 4 sticks available, so just getting 16GB sticks at all appears to be an issue.
So, you may have trouble getting more than 32GB of DDR4 into a 4-slot motherboard for awhile.
The skylake Xeon E3 supports 64gb on lga1151 with ddr4 so it's possible other skylake-s models do too. 64gb seems like a very expensive requirement. It might be cheaper to scale out instead of up if licensing isn't an issue.