This is evidence that more males take an interest in the subject and thus study it and do better, not evidence that women are less capable at learning and performing well at mathematical subjects.
As someone else replied, the chart doesn't show why men score better than women in math, only that they do. Consistently. Over decades. (I chose the SAT math test because it was easily accessible, well understood, large sample size etc, but results are not divergent from other tests of mathematical performance. Also: SAT is taken by a population of high school students well before significant specialization in studies starts).
Why the different outcomes? Can we attribute all of the difference to cultural reasons? Seems very unlikely. Male and female brains are anatomically dimorphic starting from the earliest stages of fetal development. Differences in cognition and behavior are noted in infancy. Functional differences should be expected.
This is not to say that men are superior to women, just that they seem, on average as groups, to have different aptitudes and propensities. As mentioned before, women are better at language, among other things. I'm pretty sure that is exactly what Damore said, although not how you described it.
Compare the math abilities of women and men who have both taken an interest in and studied mathematics. You know, math majors, computer science majors and engineering majors.
Selecting the math aptitude test scores of a population of women who choose to major in quantitative sciences would actually be a biased approach to selection and not answer the question at hand about aptitude/abilities in the general population of females/female students. Females who choose engineering is a small and atypical subset of females.
So the question to you is, do you believe that on average men and women have exactly equal aptitudes in all areas of cognitive performance and preference? That all observed differences in these areas are caused by cultural conditioning and biases?