http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-613739.html
According to their web site, SETI@HOME has 2.5 million participants.
That's 2.5 million computers that would otherwise be in low-power sleep.
Assuming (conservatively I think) these machines each pull an extra 25 watts per average hour to do this number crunching, that means SETI@HOME is responsible for consuming on the order of 54,788 MegaWatt Hours (MWh) per year. Assuming that heat must be removed the the computer's environ 50% of the time (warm weather), and assuming an inefficiency of 3:1 for the heat energy evacuation (some data center person help me here, I have no idea), that figure rises to the order of 136,969 MWh per year.
According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, electric utilities account for 40% of U.S. carbon dioxide emissions, roughly 2/3 of sulfur dioxide, 22% of nitrogen oxides, and roughly 1/3 of mercury emissions.
Also according to E.P.A, in 2006 the U.S.A.'s 50 dirtiest power plants (i.e. fossil fuel plants, not nuclear plants) generated a combined total of 272,359,846 MWh and spewed into our air 340,887,591 Tons of CO2 (not to mention SO2, Nitrogen oxides and mercury).
At that rate, SETI@HOME's contribution to the environment is on the order of 171,431 Tons of CO2 per year.
Cut the number in half if you want -- it's still a shitload.
(Granted, I've made two assumptions there: all SETI@Home users are in U.S. and the saved power could be cut from these dirty plants -- both untrue, but convenient for simplification and adequate to get an order of magnitude result.)
I don't mention the other similar projects (e.g., Folding@Home, etc.) because they seem productive to me. It's a personal judgment, I know. But I question the value of pumping hundreds of thousand of tons of greenhouse gasses into the air looking for extraterrestrials. People really just use it because it's a cool-looking screen saver.
I mean, anybody with any common sense knows the flying saucers and gray men with big eyes are actually time-travelling humans from the future and not extraterrestrials!